Over the past thirty-five years, the Italian university system has undergone an uninterrupted process of transformation, increasingly straining the Humboldtian foundations of the national system in relation to the autonomy of individual institutions. This transformation can be approached from three distinct perspectives. First, one may emphasize its continuity: from the implementation of managerial, financial, and teaching autonomy to the handling of the pandemic and the regulations on online universities, marked by the progressive development of a quasi-market framework and an autonomy conceived as competition among institutions. Second, one may highlight its discontinuities: the attempts to strengthen ties with the productive sector, often misaligned with the country’s economic dynamics, and the diverse, sometimes even contradictory, paths taken to stratify the educational offer. Third, one may follow the thread of resistance, not only through the major mobilizations of the Pantera (1989–90) or the Onda and its aftermath (2008–2011), but also through the more hidden yet persistent actions of students and staff, which have achieved not only partial results but, over the long term, have sustained the national system as a whole. However, the policies introduced under the Meloni government, together with the divisive processes triggered by online universities and elite colleges, now point to the possibility of a genuine systemic disarticulation.
Gli ultimi trentacinque anni hanno visto un’ininterrotta trasformazione dell’università italiana, che ha messo sempre più in tensione l’impianto humboldtiano del sistema nazionale con l’autonomia degli atenei. Su questa trasformazione possiamo avere tre diversi punti di osservazione. In primo luogo, possiamo considerare la sua continuità, dall’implementazione dell’autonomia gestionale, finanziaria e didattica alla gestione pandemica e i provvedimenti sulle telematiche, con il progressivo sviluppo di una regolazione di quasi-mercato e un autonomia declinata come sedi tra loro in competizione. In secondo luogo, possiamo sottolineare le sue discontinuità, i tentativi di stringere rapporti con l’apparato produttivo sfasati con le dinamiche economiche del paese, le diverse e talvolta opposte strade per stratificarne l’offerta didattica. In terzo luogo, possiamo seguire il filo rosso delle resistenze, non solo le grandi mobilitazioni della Pantera (1989-90) o dell’Onda e i suoi sviluppi (2008-2011), ma la più carsica e persistente azione di studenti e personale che ha ottenuto non solo risultati parziali, ma sul lungo periodo ha tenuto in piedi il sistema nazionale. Il governo Meloni e gli ultimi interventi, insieme ai processi di divaricazione innescati da atenei telematici e collegi di eccellenza, sottolineano però la possibilità di una vera e propria disarticolazione di sistema.
Continuità, contraddizioni e resistenze nel processo di trasformazione dell’Università italiana
L. Scacchi
2026-01-01
Abstract
Over the past thirty-five years, the Italian university system has undergone an uninterrupted process of transformation, increasingly straining the Humboldtian foundations of the national system in relation to the autonomy of individual institutions. This transformation can be approached from three distinct perspectives. First, one may emphasize its continuity: from the implementation of managerial, financial, and teaching autonomy to the handling of the pandemic and the regulations on online universities, marked by the progressive development of a quasi-market framework and an autonomy conceived as competition among institutions. Second, one may highlight its discontinuities: the attempts to strengthen ties with the productive sector, often misaligned with the country’s economic dynamics, and the diverse, sometimes even contradictory, paths taken to stratify the educational offer. Third, one may follow the thread of resistance, not only through the major mobilizations of the Pantera (1989–90) or the Onda and its aftermath (2008–2011), but also through the more hidden yet persistent actions of students and staff, which have achieved not only partial results but, over the long term, have sustained the national system as a whole. However, the policies introduced under the Meloni government, together with the divisive processes triggered by online universities and elite colleges, now point to the possibility of a genuine systemic disarticulation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Scacchi (2026) Continuità contraddizioni resistenze. Il Ponte, 1, 122-134.pdf
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