Attention is a fundamental faculty of the construct biophilia. Biophilia depends on the ability to attend without conscious effort and to let oneself be fascinated by Nature. The present study investigated three issues concerned with biophilia and the perception of Nature restorativeness in children, specifically: (1) Do children feel to be connected with natural environments and, if so, to what extent? (2) Do children perceive the difference between the restorative value of a natural and an artificial environment? (3) Does the perceived restorativeness of Nature affect children’s performance in directed attention test? To investigate these questions, 48 children of a primary school in Aosta (Italy), aged between 10 and 12 years, evaluated the perceived restorativeness of and performed an attention test in three different environments, i.e.: 1) the classroom after the practice of Mindful Silence, a training based on mindfulness meditation techniques; 2) the school playground after the school break; 3) an alpine wood. Results showed that though children feel moderately connected with Nature, they perceived the wood as the most restorative environment, then – unexpectedly – the classroom after Mindful Silence and finally the school playground, which was perceived as the least restorative, though the presence of a few natural elements. The high restorative power of the wood positively affected children’s performance in the directed attention test; nevertheless the Mindful Silence turned out to be more efficacious – and therefore a useful tool – than the school playground to affect directed attention.
La capacità di attenzione è una delle facoltà fondamentali del costrutto della “biofilia”. La biofilia dipende dall’abilità di essere attenti senza sforzo e di lasciarsi affascinare dalla Natura. Questo studio ha indagato su tre questioni relative alla biofilia e alla percezione nel bambini del potere rigenerativo della Natura, e specificatamente: (1) Se e quanto i bambini si sentono legati agli ambienti naturali; (2) Se i bambini percepiscono la differenza tra il valore rigenerativo di un ambiente naturale rispetto ad uno artificiale; (3) Se la rigenerazione percepita si traduce in rigenerazione della capacità attentiva dei bambini. A questo scopo, a 48 bambini di una scuola elementare di Aosta, di età compresa tra i 10 e i 12 anni, è stata valutata la percezione della rigenerazione dell’attenzione diretta e proposto un test di attenzione sostenuta, in tre condizioni diverse: 1) in aula dopo il training di silenzio attivo (Mindful Silence); 2) nel cortile della scuola dopo l’intervallo scolastico; 3) in un bosco alpino. Dall’analisi dei dati emerge che i bambini, sebbene si sentano solo moderatamente connessi con la Natura, percepiscono il bosco alpino come il luogo più rigenerativo, poi – sorprendentemente – la classe dopo il training di silenzio attivo e solo ultimo il cortile della scuola dopo l’intervallo scolastico, percepito invece come l’ambiente meno rigenerativo, sebbene contenga alcuni elementi naturali. L’elevato potere rigenerativo del bosco influenza positivamente i bambini nell’esecuzione del test di attenzione sostenuta. Ciò nondimeno, nel rigenerare l’attenzione diretta, il training di silenzio attivo risulta più efficace – e quindi uno strumento didattico potenzialmente più utile – rispetto al cortile della scuola.
Biofilia sperimentale
BARBIERO G
2012-01-01
Abstract
Attention is a fundamental faculty of the construct biophilia. Biophilia depends on the ability to attend without conscious effort and to let oneself be fascinated by Nature. The present study investigated three issues concerned with biophilia and the perception of Nature restorativeness in children, specifically: (1) Do children feel to be connected with natural environments and, if so, to what extent? (2) Do children perceive the difference between the restorative value of a natural and an artificial environment? (3) Does the perceived restorativeness of Nature affect children’s performance in directed attention test? To investigate these questions, 48 children of a primary school in Aosta (Italy), aged between 10 and 12 years, evaluated the perceived restorativeness of and performed an attention test in three different environments, i.e.: 1) the classroom after the practice of Mindful Silence, a training based on mindfulness meditation techniques; 2) the school playground after the school break; 3) an alpine wood. Results showed that though children feel moderately connected with Nature, they perceived the wood as the most restorative environment, then – unexpectedly – the classroom after Mindful Silence and finally the school playground, which was perceived as the least restorative, though the presence of a few natural elements. The high restorative power of the wood positively affected children’s performance in the directed attention test; nevertheless the Mindful Silence turned out to be more efficacious – and therefore a useful tool – than the school playground to affect directed attention.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.