Background: Gambling is a growing phenomenon which involves both personal and social factors. In the present study gambling modalities, underlying motivations, emotions felt while gambling, and individual characteristics, such as self-esteem, coping style, sensation seeking, locus of control, are compared in occasional and pathological gamblers (controlling for gender and age). Methods: A questionnaire was filled in by 100 occasional gamblers (72 males and 28 females aged between 18 and 60, mean age 35.4) contacted in amusement arcades, betting agencies, casinos and 100 pathological gamblers under treatment (85 males and 15 females aged between 18 and 60, mean age 34.7). Results: Main results show pathological gamblers to have an intense, mostly negative, emotional reaction; similarly to what found for other dependencies, pathological gamblers resort more greatly than occasional gamblers to emotion-focused coping strategies, such as avoidance and expressing negative moods; they have less self-esteem and a more internal locus of control. The comparison between men and women gamblers shows that females are less emotionally involved and play mainly because they enjoy it; they tend to become compulsive gamblers when they need recognition from others. Men, instead, seem more inclined to develop dependency on gambling. When age is considered, the younger gamblers turn out to privilege games based on ability; if pathological, they feel intense negative emotions and resort massively to avoidance strategies. Conclusions: The factors considered in the study proved sensitive to recording differences between gamblers and can be useful indicators for operators to reflect on the personality of the pathological gambler and on possible treatments.
Introduzione: Il gioco d’azzardo è un fenomeno in continua espansione che coinvolge fattori sia sociali sia personali. In questa ricerca si vogliono confrontare giocatori patologici ed occasionali (distinguendoli inoltre in base a genere ed età) per quanto riguarda sia le modalità di gioco, le motivazioni sottostanti e le emozioni provate giocando, sia in riferimento ad alcune caratteristiche individuali quali il livello di autostima, lo stile di coping, la sensation-seeking, il locus of control. Metodi: Un questionario è stato compilato da 100 giocatori occasionali (72 uomini e 28 donne; età dai 18 ai 60 anni, età media 35.4) avvicinati nelle sale gioco, agenzie ippiche, casinò, e da 100 giocatori patologici in trattamento (85 uomini e 15 donne; età dai 18 ai 60 anni, età media 34.7). Risultati: I principali risultati mostrano che i giocatori patologici giocando hanno un’intensa reazione emotiva a tonalità prevalentemente negativa; come per altre dipendenze, ricorrono in misura maggiore rispetto ai giocatori occasionali a strategie di coping focalizzate sulle emozioni come evitamento ed espressione di stati d’animo negativi; hanno una minore autostima e un locus of control più interno. Le giocatrici sono meno coinvolte emotivamente e giocano soprattutto per il piacere che ne ricavano arrivando a farlo compulsivamente se hanno bisogno di ottenere riconoscimento, mentre gli uomini sembrano maggiormente propensi a sviluppare una dipendenza dal gioco. Considerando l’età, emerge che i giocatori più giovani privilegiano i giochi d’abilità e, se patologici, provano intense emozioni negative e fanno massiccio ricorso a strategie d’evitamento. Conclusioni: I fattori considerati nella ricerca si sono dimostrati sensibili a registrare differenze tra giocatori e possono costituire degli indicatori utili agli operatori per riflettere sulla personalità del giocatore patologico e su possibili trattamenti.
Emozioni e motivazioni nel gioco di azzardo: confronto tra giocatori occasionali e patologici
MONACI M.G;SCACCHI L
2005-01-01
Abstract
Background: Gambling is a growing phenomenon which involves both personal and social factors. In the present study gambling modalities, underlying motivations, emotions felt while gambling, and individual characteristics, such as self-esteem, coping style, sensation seeking, locus of control, are compared in occasional and pathological gamblers (controlling for gender and age). Methods: A questionnaire was filled in by 100 occasional gamblers (72 males and 28 females aged between 18 and 60, mean age 35.4) contacted in amusement arcades, betting agencies, casinos and 100 pathological gamblers under treatment (85 males and 15 females aged between 18 and 60, mean age 34.7). Results: Main results show pathological gamblers to have an intense, mostly negative, emotional reaction; similarly to what found for other dependencies, pathological gamblers resort more greatly than occasional gamblers to emotion-focused coping strategies, such as avoidance and expressing negative moods; they have less self-esteem and a more internal locus of control. The comparison between men and women gamblers shows that females are less emotionally involved and play mainly because they enjoy it; they tend to become compulsive gamblers when they need recognition from others. Men, instead, seem more inclined to develop dependency on gambling. When age is considered, the younger gamblers turn out to privilege games based on ability; if pathological, they feel intense negative emotions and resort massively to avoidance strategies. Conclusions: The factors considered in the study proved sensitive to recording differences between gamblers and can be useful indicators for operators to reflect on the personality of the pathological gambler and on possible treatments.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.