Small schools, widespread in rural and remote areas of the world, present specific characteristics and challenges compared to urban schools. Educational research has devoted increasing attention to these realities, seeking to understand their characteristics, problems and potential, but also to design and evaluate interventions capable of improving the quality of education, including through the use of technology, and to promote local development. Among the methodological approaches used in this field, Design-Based Research, responding to the criticism of the experimental method in education, makes it possible to: integrate research and the design of educational solutions, in order to test solutions (called “interventions”) to educational problems; generate theories that can explain and improve teaching and learning processes; generate innovation and change of the people and systems involved. In this paper, the application of DBR in the context of small Italian schools will be presented. In particular, the design, through the Conjecture Mapping technique, of the “Classi in rete” model, developed to address the problem of the social and cultural isolation of remote classes, will be described. An analysis of the results obtained from its first implementation in schools in the inland areas of Abruzzo will then be proposed and, finally, the indications for changing the model for the design of the second implementation cycle will be presented.
Le piccole scuole, diffuse nelle aree rurali e remote del mondo, presentano caratteristiche e sfide specifiche rispetto alle scuole urbane. La ricerca educativa ha dedicato una crescente attenzione a queste realtà, cercando di comprenderne le caratteristiche, i problemi e le potenzialità, ma anche di progettare e valutare interventi in grado di migliorare anche attraverso l’uso delle tecnologie la qualità dell’istruzione e a promuovere lo sviluppo locale. Tra gli approcci metodologici utilizzati in questo ambito, il Design Based Research, rispondendo alla critica del metodo sperimentale in ambito educativo permette di: integrare la ricerca e la progettazione di soluzioni educative, al fine di testare soluzioni (chiamate “interventi”) ai problemi educativi; generare teorie che possano spiegare e migliorare i processi di insegnamento e apprendimento; di generare innovazione e cambiamento delle persone e dei sistemi coinvolti. Nel presente lavoro verrà presentata l’applicazione del DBR nel contesto delle piccole scuole italiane. In particolare, verrà descritta la progettazione, attraverso la tecnica del Conjecture Mapping, del modello “Classi in rete”, messo a punto per affrontare il problema dell’isolamento sociale e culturale delle classi remote. Verrà quindi proposta l’analisi dei risultati ottenuti dalla sua prima implementazione nelle scuole delle aree interne dell’Abruzzo e verranno infine presentate le indicazioni di cambiamento del modello per la progettazione del secondo ciclo di implementazione.
L’uso del Design Based Research per lo sviluppo di modelli didattici inno vativi nelle scuole piccole e rurali. Il caso di “Classi in rete”
Stefano Cacciamani
2024-01-01
Abstract
Small schools, widespread in rural and remote areas of the world, present specific characteristics and challenges compared to urban schools. Educational research has devoted increasing attention to these realities, seeking to understand their characteristics, problems and potential, but also to design and evaluate interventions capable of improving the quality of education, including through the use of technology, and to promote local development. Among the methodological approaches used in this field, Design-Based Research, responding to the criticism of the experimental method in education, makes it possible to: integrate research and the design of educational solutions, in order to test solutions (called “interventions”) to educational problems; generate theories that can explain and improve teaching and learning processes; generate innovation and change of the people and systems involved. In this paper, the application of DBR in the context of small Italian schools will be presented. In particular, the design, through the Conjecture Mapping technique, of the “Classi in rete” model, developed to address the problem of the social and cultural isolation of remote classes, will be described. An analysis of the results obtained from its first implementation in schools in the inland areas of Abruzzo will then be proposed and, finally, the indications for changing the model for the design of the second implementation cycle will be presented.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.