Sound imitation during the preverbal phase: Theory and devices

Infants’ first interactions with adults can be defined as proto-musical, involving the synchronization of rhythm and prosody between the two parties (Trevarthen 2009). The encouragement of early musical practices therefore benefits infants’ early communication skills (Gratier and Filippa 2019). Using this theoretical framework, we introduce specific devices likely to allow the expression of this musicality through sound imitation. These devices are based on synchronous imitation, which appears to be the most suitable means of organizing the synchrony of musical productions characterized by a common temporal dynamic. In focusing on synchronous sound imitation, we draw upon the methodology of gesture imitation proposed by Nadel (2016). We discuss two concrete examples: the “twin easels” and “bench for two” devices, which we believe encourage musicality in toddlers, as well as supporting their cognitive and socio-emotional development. A case study illustrates a setting in which sound imitation could be implemented.